El Gobierno ha ‘colado’ la obligación de etiquetar en castellano en una docena de decretos y leyes
28 May


Así lo denuncia la Plataforma per la Llengua, una entidad nacionalista catalana, en un informe al que ha tenido acceso El Confidencial Digital. Esta asociación ha recopilado más de una docena de normas que se aprobaron en 2014 y que, de una u otra forma, establecen que distintos bienes lleven escritas las etiquetas e instrucciones en lengua castellana.
La entidad nacionalista lamenta que durante el año pasado el Gobierno de España ha sido “especialmente activo” en aprobar normas a favor del etiquetado en castellano. No es que haya más normas al respecto, ya que el Ejecutivo ha derogado varias órdenes ministeriales antiguas: sin embargo, distintos decretos y leyes que sí se han aprobado y han entrado o entrarán en vigor próximamente refuerzan la obligación de utilizar el castellano.
Jamones, pescados, yogures, bebidas...
Por ejemplo, el Real Decreto de enero de 2014 que regula la norma de calidad de los productos ibéricos establece una serie de denominaciones y textos que tienen que aparecer en las etiquetas de jamones, paletas y lomos: todas estas referencias en las etiquetas sólo son válidas si están escritas en castellano.
Según señala Plataforma per la Llengua, el Gobierno se ha servido de otras normas que también legislan sobre la comercialización de productos alimenticios para “imponer” el etiquetado en castellano.
Precisamente en los alimentos es donde más polémica suele haber, ya que los nacionalistas llevan años denunciando que grandes compañías, desde Danone a Coca-Cola, no etiquetan en catalán los productos que venden en Cataluña a pesar de que varias leyes y códigos aprobados por la Generalitat obligan a utilizar la lengua catalana en los envases y etiquetas. Por su parte, otras asociaciones o consumidores se quejan de que algunos llevan escrito en catalán los ingredientes u otras indicaciones.
En el caso del Real Decreto sobre la norma de calidad de derivados cárnicos -aprobada en junio de 2014-, esta asociación señala que en el texto se detallan una serie de nombres que han de tener los productos (desde el bacon hasta el chorizo) y se indica que en las etiquetas ha de figurar en castellano.
Lo mismo ocurre con la norma aprobada el año pasado para regular la venta y distribución de yogures, que especifica las denominaciones, de nuevo sólo en castellano, que deben aparecer en los envases de estos productos lácteos.
Un caso similar se da con el pescado, que se puede vender cómo con los nombres en castellano de los distintos peces: “Por ejemplo, el llampugó o llampuga borda sólo se puede etiquetar en Cataluña, País Valenciano e Islas Baleares con el nombre de dorado”, señala Plataforma per la Llengua en su informe.
También el nuevo Real Decreto sobre “producción, designación, presentación y etiquetado de determinadas bebidas espirituosas” establece esta condición para las botellas, latas y otros envases de bebidas alcohólicas.
En algunos casos sólo se permite el castellano
Además de los alimentos, otros decretos aprobados por el Gobierno de España en 2014 sobre los más variados sectores incluyen artículos que obligan a etiquetar en castellano los bienes y servicios comercializados en todo el país o a poner en la lengua oficial del Estado carteles, indicadores y otros elementos.
La nueva norma que establece los requisitos de venta de bicicletas y otros ciclos señala que las indicaciones de información y advertencia para el uso “se expresarán, al menos, en castellano”, mientras que el manual de instrucciones deberá estar redactado en castellano o tener una traducción a esta lengua.
“Mucho más impositiva” es, según la Plataforma per la Llengua, la forma en que deberá estar redactada la documentación de los vehículos de transporte de mercancías peligrosas. A partir de ahora, la documentación de transporte “deberá estar redactada en español”, y las marcas y etiquetas que deban llevar el cargamento o el vehículo “podrán realizarse tan solo en español”.
A estas y otras normas sectoriales y específicas a través de las cuales el Gobierno de España “ha colado”, según la entidad nacionalista, la obligación de etiquetar en castellano, se añade la modificación de la Ley de defensa de los consumidores, que pasa a tener cuatro artículos que imponen la lengua castellana: “Sin perjuicio de las excepciones previstas legal o reglamentariamente, las indicaciones obligatorias del etiquetado y presentación de los bienes o servicios comercializados en España deberán figurar, al menos, en castellano, lengua española oficial del Estado”.
En el informe consultado por ECD la Plataforma per la Llengua señala que en total hay actualmente 161 normas de distinto tipo que obligan a etiquetar en castellano los productos que también se venden en Cataluña. Son menos que otros años, porque con las nuevas normas aprobadas se han derogado más disposiciones viejas: “No es que haya menos productos sometidos a la obligación de etiquetar en castellano (de hecho, hay más), sino que las obligaciones se han agrupado en menos normativas”.
Por contra, lamentan que durante 2014 no se haya aprobado en Cataluña ninguna norma autonómica que refuerce la obligación de etiquetar en catalán.
La “alarma” de la Plataforma per la Llengua llega a señalar que los productos que no estén etiquetados en castellano sean retirados desde el momento que lleguen a España. Aunque se refiere a importaciones de países extranjeros, esta entidad teme que se llegue a aplicar para todo tipo de productos.









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