Las sanciones medioambientales siguen creciendo y ya se abren 370 expedientes al mes en Aragón
08 Oct


Las malas prácticas en la naturaleza y la mala gestión de actividades perjudiciales para su conservación originaron el año pasado más de 370 expedientes sancionadores al mes en materia medioambiental, un dato ostensiblemente mayor al que se había dado en años precedentes.
Desde la pesca y la caza ilegal -ya sea a gran o menor escala-, pasando por hacer hogueras en espacios y periodos indebidos, mal tratamiento de residuos y vertidos, o pequeñas irregularidades, como acampadas en lugares no permitidos, los servicios provinciales del Departamento de Agricultura, Ganadería y Medio Ambiente (ahora reconvertido en el de Desarrollo Rural y Sostenibilidad) tramitaron durante el 2014 un total de 4.390 denuncias de que perseguían sanciones ambientales, incoando además 4.451 investigaciones por procesos de este tipo, si bien, algunos de ellos procedían de supuestas irregularidades cometidas en años precedentes.
Por áreas, son la pesca (con 1.563 expedientes abiertos) y las sanciones en materias de montes e incendios forestales (1.153) los que más procesos iniciaron, aunque llama la atención el repunte que ha habido en los últimos años de sanciones abiertas por la mala gestión de residuos (840 el año pasado).
Para hacerse una idea, en 2012, el total de expedientes incoados por el Departamento fue de apenas 2.935, un 51% menos, y de ellos apenas 335 correspondían a infracciones en mala gestión de residuos. Detrás de este aumento parecen estar, según indican las organizaciones involucradas en la defensa del medio ambiente, dos factores. Por una parte la vuelta a la actividad de numerosas industrias y, por otra, los cierres que siguen afectando a otras tantas, que en muchos casos abandonan sus instalaciones sin un correcto tratamiento de sus materiales. Tal fue el caso de la reciente imputación este verano de una empresa de químicos de Zuera, donde la Guardia Civil encontró una “ingente” cantidad de sustancias químicas que habían sido abandonadas por la empresa, en concurso de acreedores desde el año 2013 y a la que ahora se le aplicaba un delito contra el medio ambiente.
El gasto en protección ambiental se reduce en 15 millones en apenas tres años
Con todo, el ámbito de la protección del medio ambiente no solo ha sufrido un aumento en el número de denuncias por malas prácticas o contaminación, sino que también ha sido uno de los más lastrados por la austeridad presupuestaria de los últimos años.
Un repaso a las principales partidas de los presupuesto de la Comunidad en los últimos años reflejan que el gasto en protección de la administración autonómica se ha reducido en más de 15 millones de 2011 a 2015, pasando de 83,1 millones de euros hace cuatro años a poco más de 65 el pasado ejercicio y todo ello a pesar de que el año pasado fue el primero en el que aumentó desde que se pusieran en marcha las primeras medidas de contención presupuestaria.
El problema del lindano, lejos de una solución definitiva
Pero el mayor problema de Aragón en materia medioambiental no viene ni mucho menos de estos años atrás. El pasado jueves la Consejería de Desarrollo Rural y Sostenibilidad anunciaba la creación de una unidad de gestión y de un comité científico para afrontar los próximos trabajos de vigilancia y descontaminación de los vertederos de lindano en Sabiñánigo. El último movimiento para intentar paliar una crisis, la del lindano producido por la fábrica de Inquinosa en Sabiñánigo, que ha estado varias años soterrada y que el año pasado demostró estar muy lejos de solucionarse.
Desde que hace justo un año se conociera que durante el traslado de los residuos depositados por la química en el vertedero de Bailín se produjera una contaminación de aguas del río Gállego que dejó sin agua de boca a más de una decena de pueblos, el problema de este antiguo pesticida, prohibido desde mediados de los noventa, no ha dejado de ser una herida abierta con una solución difícil de acometer.
Mariano Polanco, miembro de Ecologista en Acción de Sabiñánigo, llevaba junto a su grupo años reclamando una mejor gestión de los residuos de la fábrica, incluso desde antes de que el Gobierno de Aragón ordenara su cierre en 1989. “El problema tiene una difícil solución, y desde luego requerirá de mucho dinero. La lluvia y el agua seguirá filtrando los residuos que existen tanto en los vertederos como en el suelo de la propia fábrica hasta la cuenca del río, que es el que actúa como gran distribuidor”, señala Polanco.
De hecho, poco después de saltar la alarma sanitaria por la contaminación del Gállego, un equipo de investigadores de la Universidad de Zaragoza encontró restos de lindano también en el ibón de Saboscos, a 30 kilómetros de Sabiñánigo. “Esto nos indica la capacidad de propagación que tiene el lindano, y más en su estado líquido”, recalca el ecologista.
Por el momento, la ruina de la antigua fábrica de Inquinosa sigue en pie como un testigo mudo del problema que la química originó. Su desmantelamiento sigue pendiente de una autorización judicial que el Gobierno de Aragón espera para poder actuar y tratar la contaminación, de la cual los responsables de la empresa no han respondido más de 25 años después.









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